ENGLISH
World Organization of Creditors: The Debt Bubble Is About To Burst
Published
11 years agoon
By
REDACTIAThe house of cards of the world economies continues to collapse. The problems of Greece and Cyprus are just the beginning of a global trend. Public debt may soon flatten everything in its path like a huge snowball.
State debts are continuing to grow and, according to the latest estimates, it is becoming more and more difficult for countries not only to decrease the debt, but even to stabilize it. The preliminary results for 2012 show that the total debt of all countries has exceeded $55 trillion. The largest part (75%) is accounted for by only seven developed economies, the G7 countries. During the previous year they not only failed to improve the situation, but increased their debts by 5%. The total indebtedness of developed countries has grown by 12%, or 110% of total GDP.
The situation is not as critical in developing countries: During 2012, the total public debt grew by 1%, or 34% of GDP. The greatest increase was in the countries of the Middle East and Northern Africa, where public debts increased by 5%. In other regions the increase was 1-2% of the previous year’s level.
Public debt of key regions
Region | Public debt, billion US dollars, 2012 | Public debt, billion US dollars, 2012 | Change | Debt-to-GDP ratio 2012 |
Developed countries | 46,539 | 41,715 | 12% | 110% |
G7 | 42,261 | 40,398 | 5% | 129% |
European Union | 14,316 | 14,458 | -1% | 89% |
Developing countries | 9,329 | 9,234 | 1% | 34% |
Asia | 4,114 | 4,017 | 2% | 32% |
Latin America and the Caribbean Islands | 2,812 | 2,817 | 0% | 49% |
The Middle East and Northern Africa | 798 | 757 | 5% | 27% |
Commonwealth of Independent States | 362 | 357 | 1% | 14% |
Sources:WOC, IMF, CIA
Debt Leaders Are Still the Same
No substantial changes have occurred in the leaders with respect to public debt. The first two places in the rating are held by the USA and Japan, with $16 and $14 trillion, respectively. Thus more than a half of the world sovereign debt is accounted for by two countries. They are followed by countries the public debt of which is $1-3 trillion. After Japan, where government liabilities are almost three times domestic GDP, the hardest situation is in Italy. At the end of 2012, Italy’s sovereign debt to GDP ratio was 126%. However, some experts note that the situation there is more stable than that of its Southern European neighbors, since the government bonds have long maturities and are owned mostly by domestic investors.
The largest percentage-based increase of the public debt among the countries studied was in Kazakhstan, where the debt increased by more than a third (+32%), moving that country to 58th place in volume of public debt. The greatest increase in financial liabilities among developed countries was in Spain and Australia, with indebtedness growing by 23% and 19%, respectively, in 2012.
China is continuing to reduce its public debt, although very slowly. At the end of 2012, its indebtedness had decreased by 6% over the previous year, while the government had paid off another 5% of its liabilities. The public debt of Greece also decreased by 8%, which can be explained by the fact that the creditors wrote it down in 2012. Hungary’s financial liabilities decreased by 15%, giving it 42nd place in the general rating.
Rating of countries by size of public debt
Place in 2012 | Place in 2011 | Country | Public debt, billion US dollars, 2012 | Public debt, billion US dollars, 2011 | Change | Debt-to-GDP ratio 2012 |
1 | 1 | USA | 16,730.5 | 15,536.3 | 8% | 107% |
2 | 2 | Japan | 14,148.9 | 13,476.9 | 5% | 237% |
3 | 3 | Germany | 2,888.7 | 2,881.5 | 0.3% | 83% |
4 | 4 | Italy | 2,611.2 | 2,640.7 | -1% | 126% |
5 | 5 | France | 2,440.0 | 2,387.9 | 2% | 90% |
6 | 6 | Great Britain | 2,175.1 | 1,977.4 | 10% | 89% |
7 | 7 | China | 1,770.9 | 1,886.1 | -6% | 22% |
8 | 9 | Canada | 1,579.3 | 1,483.8 | 6% | 88% |
9 | 8 | Brazil | 1,569.7 | 1,619.0 | -3% | 64% |
10 | 11 | Spain | 1,267.7 | 1,032.3 | 23% | 91% |
11 | 10 | India | 1,202.6 | 1,123.0 | 7% | 68% |
12 | 12 | Netherlands | 547.0 | 547.6 | -0.1% | 68% |
13 | 13 | Mexico | 520.3 | 506.3 | 3% | 43% |
14 | 14 | Belgium | 492.0 | 502.1 | -2% | 99% |
15 | 15 | Greece | 462.9 | 501.3 | -8% | 171% |
… | ||||||
26 | 25 | Russia | 222.9 | 221.3 | 1% | 11% |
Sources:WOC, IMF, CIA
Everyone Shares the Debt
Japan is still at the top of the list in public debt per capita: 1more than $110,000 for every resident. The consequences of the tsunami and the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident will have a negative impact on the economy of the Land of the Rising Sun for a rather long time to come. Japan is followed by Ireland ($53,900 per resident), and Singapore and the United States have practically caught up with it. In these countries, the debt per capita is $53,000. At the same time, the pressure on residents of Qatar has considerably increased: Every resident accounts for more than $37,000, which is 19% more than last year.
In Russia as a whole, the public debt is stable. At the end of 2012, it had increased by 1% year-on-year, and does not exceed 11% of GDP. The indebtedness per capita is a little more than $1,500.
Rating by public debt per capita
Place | Country | Public debt per resident, US dollars, 2012 | Public debt per resident, US dollars, 2011 | Change |
1 | Japan | 11,0875.1 | 105,373.8 | 5.2% |
2 | Ireland | 53,992.8 | 50,585.1 | 6.7% |
3 | Singapore | 53,435.9 | 52,994.6 | 0.8% |
4 | USA | 53,229.0 | 49,804.4 | 6.9% |
5 | Norway | 49,438.7 | 48,246.3 | 2.5% |
6 | Canada | 45,347.6 | 43,086.6 | 5.2% |
7 | Belgium | 44,549.8 | 45,854.0 | -2.8% |
8 | Italy | 42,879.6 | 43,557.5 | -1.6% |
9 | Greece | 41,313.1 | 44,783.4 | -7.7% |
10 | France | 38,474.8 | 37,827.0 | 1.7% |
11 | Qatar | 37,506.5 | 31,793.9 | 18% |
12 | Switzerland | 36,240.8 | 37,446.2 | -3.2% |
13 | Austria | 36,035.6 | 35,992.4 | 0.1% |
14 | Germany | 35,323.3 | 35,234.9 | 0.3% |
15 | Great Britain | 34,490.5 | 31,565.3 | 9.3% |
… | ||||
47 | Russia | 1,570.8 | 1,554.1 | 1.1% |
51 | China | 1308.1 | 1399.8 | -6.6% |
Sources:WOC, IMF, CIA
Reserves Won’t Save Us
When it comes to international reserves, China can boast the most impressive “safety cushion.” During the last year the country has increased its currency reserves to $3.5 trillion, which is three times the public debt. Second place is held by Japan, with $1.3 trillion, although that is enough to cover only 10% of the public debt. Third place was firmly gained by Saudi Arabia, which continues increasing its reserves. Russia, which is rated fourth, could soon be “pushed out” by the USA, which is continuing to increase its reserve funds. Nevertheless, it should be noted that in case of emergency, most countries won’t have enough in their “piggy banks” to cover all their debts.
Pessimism Is Becoming Reality
Considering the steadily growing pressure, more and more often we hear forecasts of the upcoming bursting of “debt bubbles.” The countries that are pressured by debt can’t find a way to pay their obligations and are being forced to borrow even more money to pay interest on their current loans. For both the majority of developed economies and countries where the debt-to-GDP ratio exceeds 60-70%, it looks like the point of no return has already been passed. Sooner or later they will share the fate of Greece and Cyprus. But in this case, there will be no one to borrow the “rescue” money from.
However, based on the predicted growth of public debt compared to GDP, some reduction of this figure is expected in the second half of this decade. But the optimists of the IMF are still betting on increased GDP, instead of the real reduction of public indebtedness.
Experts are increasingly tending towards the worst case scenario, stating that soon we are likely to observe a crisis of state finances, the extent and consequences of which will far surpass the financial crises of previous years.
Full report > Public Debt Research WOC June 2013
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Romanian Space Agency and University Politehnica of Bucharest, joint workshop dedicated to identifying innovative solutions and facilitating partnerships between public and private actors in the fields of cybersecurity and space
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4 weeks agoon
March 20, 2024The Romanian Space Agency (ROSA) and the National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, with the support of the EU Cybersecurity Competence Centre (ECCC), organised on Wednesday, 20 March, a workshop on “Cybersecurity and Advanced Space Technologies”, to explore innovative solutions and to stimulate strategic actions, as well as to facilitate the forging of partnerships between public and private actors in the fields of cybersecurity and space.
The workshop hosted by the National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest was held in a hybrid format, with the participation of representatives from academia, ROSA and ECCC, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of National Defence, the National Cyber Security Directorate, but also from the private sector, with companies such as certSIGN, Thales, CS Group Romania, Eviden or AROBS, which are active in the digital transformation, big data, encryption, software solutions development, electronics and cybersecurity markets.
The discussions, open to stakeholders from the industry, research sphere, academia and students of the National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, focused on current trends in advanced space technologies, in particular on redefining and strategically strengthening the cyber resilience of critical infrastructures and services in space taking into account lessons learned from large-scale incidents on Earth; the role of technological innovation in preventing and countering cyber risks and threats, as well as managing future challenges and exploiting opportunities to create robust defence mechanisms.
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ENGLISH
Csaba Borboly, President of Harghita County Council and CoR rapporteur, supports the introduction of an infringement procedure against EU countries that do not seriously consider compensation for damage caused by large carnivores to livestock or crops
Published
1 month agoon
March 8, 2024Csaba Borboly, president of Harghita County Council and rapporteur of the European Committee of the Regions (CoR) for the draft opinion on ”Biodiversity protection and coexistence with large carnivores in Europe – challenges and opportunities for local and regional authorities”, supports, among other things, the introduction of an infringement procedure in European legislation against countries that do not take seriously the compensation of damage caused by large carnivores to livestock or crops.
At a local dialogue organised by Harghita County Council and the CoR on 8 March in Miercurea-Ciuc, Csaba Borboly discussed the need to strengthen EU action for a European policy on large carnivores, underlining the transnational nature of the issue of harmonious coexistence with these animals and calling for sustained efforts at European, national, regional and local level to find new ways for the sustainable and safe coexistence of farm animals, humans and large terrestrial, marine and flying carnivores.
Borboly stressed that dialogue with the European institutions is essential to promote these concerns at the European decision-making level. In addition to ongoing negotiations with the European Commission and the European Parliament, he said, regional and local authorities must be actively involved in the process of developing specific solutions. He also stressed the importance of supporting politicians who back these initiatives and underlined the desire to create a platform at the regional level in Harghita County to develop specific solutions.
“With the report, we are in permanent negotiations with the representatives of the European Commission, here I am referring first of all to the Directorate General for Environment where there is a department for biodiversity, and, besides, to the European Parliament where we try to support with arguments the work of the MEPs who support us, and at home we would like to achieve the creation of a regional platform for large carnivores in Harghita County in the framework of the new European platform for large carnivores, where we can elaborate specific solutions. We also hope that the Government and Parliament will consider these things, and in parallel, there are several analyses and studies on what is not working and how we could improve things, and we are trying to formulate amendments to the legislation. Then we go further to the European Union level, where we have the opportunity to present the report when there are preparatory discussions for the decision-making act, then we can regularly present it at the European big platform meetings and at several public policy debates. Now we have Hungary coming up for the EU Presidency in the summer and if the Hungarian Presidency finds the issue important enough to put it on the agenda, then we will most likely have better results. These are the directions we can take”, said the President of Harghita County Council, CoR rapporteur.
He also highlighted the need for a more coherent and coercive approach at the European level in terms of compliance with biodiversity conservation and habitat protection legislation. He stressed that the lack of enforcement levers in international legislation makes it difficult to implement and comply with these rules, insisting on the need to find effective ways to monitor and sanction Member States that do not fulfill their obligations.
“As I said, on many levels we are moving forward and so far we have been able to solve many things at home, for some we have also had political decisions and regulations, for others we have not. I don’t follow that path – what would happen if we didn’t do anything? – we are moving forward. What has changed from the previous report is that we have included a provision saying that it is not okay if a Member State does not take citizens’ problems seriously. There is a new element in this report, to see if we get support from Brussels to launch an infringement procedure against those states that are not serious about providing compensation and solving the whole problem. Because I have worked with many ministers here, all of whom were well-meaning, but somehow in Parliament, here and there, on the stairs of the Academy, some things got bogged down, not all of them, but some of them, and we see that if there is infringement for waste management and everyone takes the position of the righteous, the mayors are fined for things they did not do, or for waste dumps that were there for who knows when; if there is infringement for air, for water, then we need this infringement procedure on this subject too. I believe that the international legislative framework is not complete here, and there is no coercive leverage. We have levers, what species are protected, and how to protect them, but for Articles 14 and 16, for habitats, for ensuring they are respected, for ensuring that human life and health come first, we do not have any levers. This is why I am saying this, when we also have elections for the European Parliament and this is why I wanted to have this debate and I hope that the two representatives of the RMDSZ in the European Parliament will take up this issue”, explained Csaba Borboly.
Finally, Borboly expressed the hope that through sustained efforts at European level and the active involvement of local and regional stakeholders, it will be possible to find appropriate solutions to a complex problem such as the harmonious coexistence of humans, domestic animals, and large carnivores, thus contributing to the conservation of biodiversity and the protection of the interests of local communities.
“The mills are working slowly to solve this problem. Let’s hope that the Environment Ministry and Brussels will be more courageous on this issue. At the moment I don’t see a better solution for this, than just to work together, to collect data, because I see that things are getting simpler ‘to shoot or not to shoot’; if we stick to this it all gets bogged down. If we simplify things to protected-unprotected status again, things get stuck again. There are many facts that people don’t know because we don’t have data. We know how many birds there are at European level, but we don’t know how many bears, and we could list the rest of the things, the compensation, etc. In 2028 the new funding period starts at the EU level, there will be a lot of opportunities, but there is no point in going for separate money for large carnivores then because it is late. Now a solution is being prepared and at these events we attend I see that many geese beat a pig and somehow we have to put our opinion forward in the European Union”, concluded the President of the CJ Harghita and CoR rapporteur.
The event “Biodiversity protection and coexistence with large carnivores in Europe – Challenges and opportunities for local and regional authorities”, held in Miercurea-Ciuc, brought together numerous speakers and addressed various topics related to biodiversity conservation and the relationship with large carnivores.
During the first part of the dialogue, European perspectives were discussed, with presentations and debates given by key figures such as Csaba Borboly, President of Harghita County Council, László Csák, expert, and Robert Zeman from the European Committee of the Regions. Other notable participants were MEP Herbert Dorfmann and Dr Miklós Heltai, Director of the MATE Wildlife Management Institute.
The second part of the dialogue focused on the situation in Romania and Harghita County, with presentations by officials such as Gabriel Oltean, Ministerial Advisor, and specialists such as Dr. Róbert Szép from the Research and Development Institute for Wildlife Management and Mountain Resources. Also included were perspectives from civil society, represented by Levente Miklós and Hadnagy Lehel.
The dialogue also included video messages from Professor Dr. Ovidiu Ionescu and Dr. Valeria Salvatore, who made important contributions related to the presentation of the Harghita County Regional Platform.
Moderated by journalist Dan Cărbunaru, the event focused on bringing together local and regional authorities, scientific experts and other stakeholders to share experiences and ideas on biodiversity conservation and coexistence with large carnivores, taking into account the Romanian legislative context. Professional presentations and networking sessions resulted in a better understanding of current challenges and possible solutions, as well as the creation of new connections and exchange of ideas among participants.
ENGLISH
Harghita County Council and the European Committee of the Regions organise a local dialogue on biodiversity protection and coexistence with large carnivores in Europe (LIVE, 8 March, 09.00)
Published
1 month agoon
March 7, 2024By
REDACTIAHarghita County Council, together with the European Committee of the Regions (CoR), is organising a local dialogue in Miercurea-Ciuc on Friday, 8 March 2024 on the protection of biodiversity and the coexistence of large carnivores in Europe, based on the draft opinion of CoR on this issue, coordinated by the President of Harghita County Council, Csaba Borboly (EPP-RO), as rapporteur.
Entitled “Biodiversity protection and coexistence with large carnivores in Europe – Challenges and opportunities for local and regional authorities –“, the event will start at 09.00 and will be broadcast LIVE on CaleaEuropeană.ro and on the Calea Europeană Facebook page.
The event will address both the European, national, and local dimensions of the topic. The full agenda is available here.
The first part of the dialogue will address the European perspective and will start with a presentation by the rapporteur, President of CJ Harghita Csaba Borboly, followed by a debate with László Csák, who will present the expert’s point of view, and Robert Zeman (CZ/ECR), shadow rapporteur at the European Committee of the Regions.
The panel will also include MEP Herbert Dorfmann and Dr Miklós Heltai, Director of the MATE Wildlife Management Institute.
The second part of the dialogue will address “Protection of biological diversity and coexistence with large carnivores in Romania and Harghita County”. This panel will include:
– Gabriel Oltean, Ministerial Advisor, Ministry of Environment, Water and Forests;
– Levente Miklós, Rural Development Association of Harghita County Council, on “Wildlife damage caused by brown bears in Harghita County. Aggregated data of the last ten years”;
– Director Dr. Róbert Szép, Research and Development Institute for Wildlife and Mountain Resources Management, on “Practical research results of the Institute for Research and Development of Wildlife and Mountain Resources”;
– Hadnagy Lehel, Engineer, Silos Hunting Association, on “To shoot or not to shoot – the situation of bears through the eyes of a game manager in Harghita”;
During this panel, Professor Dr. Ovidiu Ionescu, ICAS, and Dr. Valeria Salvatore, ecologist, Institute of Applied Ecology, Italy, will deliver video messages on “Regional platform support in meeting the challenges posed by coexistence with large carnivores in 2024”.
The local dialogue is moderated by journalist Dan Cărbunaru, director of CaleaEuropeană.ro.
The aim of the event is to bring together local and regional authorities, scientific experts, and stakeholders, providing an opportunity to share experiences and ideas on biodiversity conservation and coexistence with large carnivores, considering Romanian legislation.
Professional presentations in various fields will contribute to a deeper understanding of current challenges and possible solutions, while networking sessions will provide an opportunity to make new connections and exchange ideas.
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